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What is myopia?

A myopic person sees very clearly from near but not from far. Thus is because the distance between the cornea and the retina is too significant - the eye is "too long". The image is formed in front of the retina. For the myopic, the shorter is the distance of clear vision, the stronger is the myopia.

First symptoms

• Do you crumple your eyes to see clearly from far?
• Do you come across your friends in the street but fail to recognise them?
• Does your child write with his nose glued to the book?

These are symptoms of myopia.

Correction

Myopia is corrected by means of divergent (concave) lenses. It puts the image back onto the retina and restores clear vision until infinity.

The stronger is myopia, the thicker are the corrective lenses at the edge and the heavier they are; they are unesthetic, uncomfortable and limit the choice of frames. Nowadays, there are many more high-performing lenses.

Contact lenses

Contact lenses give many advantages to short-sighted people: improvement in visual acuity (more sensitive as myopia increases), enlarged field of vision...

All kinds of lenses are available: soft aqueous lenses or hard lenses.

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What is presbyopia?

Presbyopia is the natural evolution of the eyesight and concerns everyone as from the age of forty. The crystalline lens loses its flexibility, bulging insufficiently, and adapts with difficulty. This results in an increasing difficulty to see from near.

First symptoms

• Do you need longer arms in order to read newspapers?
• Do your children tease you when you are threading a needle?
• Do you feel the need for light?

These are symptoms of presbyopia.

Correction

There exist several types of corrective lenses. In order to advise you on lenses that are best adapted to your expectations and needs, specialists may question you on your professional, as well as leisure, activities.

Even if all lenses prescribed for presbyopia enable you to see from near, they do not have the same characteristics.

Single vision lenses for reading

Simple vision lenses for reading are very well adapted to reading newspapers, sewing, writing, without ever looking beyond. But as soon as you raise your eyes to see what is in the distance, images appear blurred. You are then forced to continuously remove and put back your glasses on or to glance above them.

Bifocal lenses

Bifocal lenses make it possible to see from near and far but they are characterised by a glaring boundary line. This line is an obstacle to your eyes, which brutally have to adapt from distant vision to near vision.

Contact lenses

Progressive lenses allow you to see clearly at any distance and restore the entire field of vision. Their highly aqueous materials ensure comfort and respect for the eye. Thus, all types of sports activities can be practised.

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What is hypermetropia?

A hypermetropic person does not see clearly from near and from far. It is at the expense of a lot effort and fatigue that he manages to see from far. The eye is simply not powerful enough. It is said to be "too short": the image is formed behind the retina.

First symptoms

Do you experience ocular fatigue and headaches? Permanent effort of accommodation may be the cause of these symptoms. They are more frequent in the evening and after work.

Light hypermetropia often remains unsuspected up to 35/40 years because the eye adapts in order to restore a clear image. When this defect is significant, it is detectable very early in children. It is often accompanied by a strabism which must be corrected quickly.

Correction

Hypermetropia is corrected thanks to convergent (convex) lenses, which bring back the image on the retina. Accommodation thus is relieved so that one may avoid fatigue and headaches.

Lenses for hypermetropic people are thicker in the centre than on the edge. The difference in thickness is more significant for stronger hypermetropia.

Contact lenses

Progress made in contact lenses makes it possible to consider the providing the same comfort to all hypermetropic just like for myopic people.

All the types of lenses are available: soft aqueous lenses or hard lenses.

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What is astigmatism?

Someone astigmatic has a blurred vision from near and from far. One does not clearly distinguish contrasts among horizontal, vertical and oblique lines. This is very often due to the curvature of the cornea, which is slightly oval rather than round. Astigmatism may very well combine with other visual defects like myopia, hypermetropia or presbyopia.

Revealing symptoms

Astigmatic people confuse similar-looking symbols like H, M and N or 8 and 0.

Combined with myopia or hypermetropia, astigmatism can cause eye fatigue and headache.

Correction

Astigmatism is corrected by the use of toric lenses whose curvature compensates for those of the cornea. The thickness of the lense is not uniform throughout its entire surface.

The difference in thickness is more important when astigmatism is stronger. However, there are increasingly powerful and esthetic lenses nowadays.

Contact lenses

Recent technological innovations now allow astigmatic people to wear contact lenses, whether they are myopic or hypermetropic combined with weak or strong astigmatism.

Whether they are worn every day or occasionally, contact lenses give a natural look, restore the entire field of vision and great freedom in any situation. With toric soft lenses, one even forgets that one suffers from astigmatism.

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